Velocity Calculator
Calculate velocity, acceleration, displacement, and time using basic physics formulas. Supports average velocity (v = Δx / Δt), constant acceleration (SUVAT equations), and conversions between common units. Perfect for physics students, engineers, and anyone studying motion.
What Is Velocity?
Velocity is the rate of change of an object's position with respect to time. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude (speed) and direction. The SI unit of velocity is meters per second (m/s).
The basic formula for average velocity is:
v = Δx / Δt
Where: v = velocity, Δx = displacement, Δt = time interval
Key Formulas
Average Velocity
v = Δx / Δt — Velocity equals displacement divided by time.
Constant Acceleration (SUVAT Equations)
- v = v₀ + a·t — Final velocity from initial velocity, acceleration, and time.
- v² = v₀² + 2a·Δx — Final velocity from initial velocity, acceleration, and displacement.
- Δx = v₀·t + ½·a·t² — Displacement from initial velocity, acceleration, and time.
Unit Conversions
- 1 m/s = 3.6 km/h
- 1 m/s ≈ 2.23694 mph
- 1 m/s ≈ 3.28084 ft/s
How the Calculator Works
This calculator supports six calculation modes:
- Average Velocity: Enter displacement and time to find velocity.
- Displacement: Enter velocity and time to find displacement.
- Time: Enter displacement and velocity to find time.
- Constant Acceleration: Enter initial velocity, acceleration, and time to find final velocity.
- Final Velocity (SUVAT): Enter initial velocity, acceleration, and displacement to find final velocity.
- Displacement with Acceleration: Enter initial velocity, acceleration, and time to find displacement.
The calculator displays the formula used, shows each calculation step, and visualizes the motion with an interactive chart.
Common Applications
- Physics Homework: Solve kinematics problems quickly.
- Engineering: Calculate motion parameters for design and analysis.
- Sports Science: Analyze athlete speed and acceleration.
- Transportation: Calculate vehicle speed, stopping distance, and travel time.
❓ Velocity Calculator FAQ
What is the difference between speed and velocity?
Speed is a scalar quantity — it only has magnitude (how fast an object is moving). Velocity is a vector quantity — it has both magnitude and direction. For example, "60 km/h" is speed, while "60 km/h north" is velocity.
What is the formula for average velocity?
The formula for average velocity is v = Δx / Δt, where Δx is the displacement (change in position) and Δt is the time interval.
What are the SUVAT equations?
SUVAT equations describe motion under constant acceleration: v = u + at, s = ut + ½at², v² = u² + 2as, s = ½(u+v)t, and s = vt − ½at². The calculator supports three of these equations.
What is the SI unit of velocity?
The SI unit of velocity is meters per second (m/s). Other common units include kilometers per hour (km/h), miles per hour (mph), and feet per second (ft/s).
What is the difference between average velocity and instantaneous velocity?
Average velocity is the total displacement divided by total time over a finite interval. Instantaneous velocity is the velocity at a specific moment in time — it's the limit of average velocity as the time interval approaches zero.
How do I convert m/s to km/h?
Multiply by 3.6. For example, 10 m/s × 3.6 = 36 km/h.
How do I convert m/s to mph?
Multiply by 2.23694. For example, 10 m/s × 2.23694 ≈ 22.37 mph.
What is acceleration?
Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with respect to time. The SI unit is meters per second squared (m/s²).
Is this calculator free?
Yes, this calculator is completely free to use. No registration or personal data storage is required. All calculations are performed in your browser.